Le texte qui m’a été le plus utile est celui sur Wikipédia, donc c’est de celui-là que je vais discuter. Le lien c’est (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun_Tzu) et le texte ici c’est un texte informatif. Ce qui montre que c’est un texte informatif c’est que l’auteur veut nous en apprendre plus sur Sun Tzu. Il n’utilise pas de pronom à la première personne du singulier (sauf pour les citations). Les détails que l’auteur donne sont pour créer une image de Sun Tzu et il utilise des faits, de l’information crédible, des références, etc.
Ce texte est un article encyclopédique sur Wikipédia.
La séquence textuelle dominante à mon avis est descriptive. On voit partout dans le texte des descriptions de Sun Tzu, de sa vie, de sa carrière et de ses exploits. Un exemple de cela pourrait être le début de l’article ou on dit: (en anglais)
« Sun Tzu’s historicity is uncertain. Sima Qian and other traditional historians placed him as a minister to King Helü of Wu and dated his lifetime to 544–496 BC. Modern scholars accepting his historicity nonetheless place the existing text of The Art of War in the later Warring States period based upon its style of composition and its descriptions of warfare. Traditional accounts state that the general’s descendant Sun Bin also wrote a treatise on military tactics, also titled The Art of War. Since both Sun Wu and Sun Bin were referred to as Sun Tzu in classical Chinese texts, some historians believed them identical prior to the rediscovery of Sun Bin’s treatise in 1972. »
La séquence textuelle secondaire serait narrative. Lorsqu’on parle de la vie de Sun Tzu, le texte devient narratif quand on donne un exemple d’un fait marquant de sa vie: (en anglais)
« Before hiring Sun Tzu, the King of Wu tested Sun Tzu’s skills by commanding him to train a harem of 180 concubines into soldiers. Sun Tzu divided them into two companies, appointing the two concubines most favored by the king as the company commanders. When Sun Tzu first ordered the concubines to face right, they giggled. In response, Sun Tzu said that the general, in this case himself, was responsible for ensuring that soldiers understood the commands given to them. Then, he reiterated the command, and again the concubines giggled. Sun Tzu then ordered the execution of the king’s two favored concubines, to the king’s protests. He explained that if the general’s soldiers understood their commands but did not obey, it was the fault of the officers. Sun Tzu also said that, once a general was appointed, it was his duty to carry out his mission, even if the king protested. After both concubines were killed, new officers were chosen to replace them. Afterwards, both companies, now well aware of the costs of further frivolity, performed their maneuvers flawlessly. »